Congenital Heart Disease

 Congenital Heart Disease (CHD)

Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is a structural problem in the heart that develops before birth. It’s one of the most common types of birth defects, affecting how blood flows through the heart and to the rest of the body.

What Causes CHD?
CHD can result from genetic factors, maternal health conditions (like diabetes or infections during pregnancy), or exposure to certain medications or substances during fetal development.

Common Types of CHD:

  • Septal Defects (Holes in the Heart): Openings between heart chambers that disrupt normal blood flow.

  • Coarctation of the Aorta: Narrowing of the main artery, causing high blood pressure.

  • Tetralogy of Fallot: A combination of four defects that reduce oxygen flow to the body.

Symptoms:

  • Rapid breathing or shortness of breath

  • Fatigue, especially during feeding or activity

  • Blue-tinged skin (cyanosis)

  • Poor growth or weight gain in infants

Diagnosis & Treatment:
CHD is diagnosed through imaging tests such as echocardiograms, MRIs, or cardiac catheterization. Treatments vary based on the type and severity of the defect and may include medications, catheter procedures, or open-heart surgery.

Living with CHD:
Many children and adults with CHD live full, active lives with proper medical care and regular cardiology follow-ups. Advances in modern medicine have made long-term management more successful than ever.

Remember: Early detection and consistent care are key to managing congenital heart disease effectively.

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